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A Filipino Representative Appeals to the American People
Galicano Apacible, a Filipino nationalist, wrote the following letter opposing U.S. annexation of the Philippines. Apacible represented the Filipino Central Committee, a revolutionary group that supported independence from Spanish colonial [...]
A Soldier Reports on Filipino Perceptions of White and Black Americans
John W. Galloway, a member of the 24th Infantry stationed in the Philippines, reports his findings from discussions with Filipinos regarding the issue of race to an African-American newspaper at home. This letter highlights American concepts of [...]
A Soldier Reports on Filipino Grievances
This anonymous letter, to the Wisconsin Weekly Advocate by a black soldier, probably from the 24th or 25th infantry, denounces the behavior of Americans in the Philippines following its acquisition from the Spanish. He states that having seen the [...]
"'The White Man's Burden' and Its Critics"
Jim Zwick is an American Studies scholar and author of Confronting Imperialism: Essays on Mark Twain and the Anti-Imperialist League and Mark Twain's Weapons of Satire: Anti-Imperialist Writings on the Philippine-American War, as well as numerous [...]
"Our America" (Excerpt)
Nuestra America/Our America, one of Martí's most important writings, first appeared in La Revista Ilustrada de Nueva York on Janurary 1, 1891, and on January 30 of that same year in El Partido Liberal of Mexico. Written as the Cuban [...]
A Diplomat Calls for Aid to Latin America
Milton Eisenhower, the younger brother of President Dwight E. Eisenhower, served as a special ambassador to Latin America during the Eisenhower administration. He came to see poverty as the major obstacle to economic development and political [...]
Uncle Sam Watches over Cuba and the Philippines
The Spanish-American War ended in December, 1898, when Spain surrendered to the U.S. and negotiated a peace treaty that sold Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the U.S. Cuba remained independent, but firmly under the influence of the United [...]
"The New Temptation on the Mount"
In 1898 the United States won the Spanish-Cuban-American war and took control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. That same year, it also annexed the Hawaiian islands. This 1899 cartoon reflects the belief held by many anti-imperialists that [...]
"Civilization Begins at Home"
The beginning of U.S. expansion overseas, in the late 1800s and early 1900s, coincided with the peak years of racial violence and lynchings in the United States. Meanwhile, jingoists insisted that the United States should spread "civilization" to [...]
A Cartoonist Depicts "The Cuban Melodrama"
This political cartoon, published in Puck in June, 1896, depicts the U.S. as a handsome male hero saving a greatful female "Cuba" from the villainous male figure of "Spain."