- Historical Eras > Industrialization and Expansion (1877-1913) (x)
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“The High Tide of Immigration—A National Menace”
This cartoon appeared in the weekly humor magazine Judge in 1903. It reflects the alarm among some Americans at the growing number of immigrants from countries in Southern and Eastern Europe (such as Italy, Russia, and Austria-Hungary) and the [...]
Analysis Worksheet: Debating Immigration Restriction Images
This worksheet is designed to help students compare and contrast a political cartoon and a propaganda poster about immigration and restriction from the early twentieth century.
Debating Immigration Restriction Character worksheets
These worksheets help students analyze primary sources and cite evidence supporting various perspectives in the early 20th century debate over immigration restriction.
New York City−A tramp's ablutions−An early morning scene in Madison Square.
From 1873 to 1878, the U.S. experienced its first nationwide economic depression of the industrial era. It affected Americans across the country. Families watched their children go hungry. Nationally, millions were out of work. During the winter of [...]
The American Frankenstein
Supported by government funds, railroad building boomed after the Civil War. There were only 2,000 miles of track in 1850; by 1877 there were nearly 80,000 miles in use. Railroad owners controlled tens of thousands of employees and hundreds of [...]
An African-American Socialist Lends His Support to Railroad Strikers
A nationwide rebellion brought the United States to a standstill in the summer of 1877. Eighty thousand railroad workers walked off the job, joined by hundreds of thousands of Americans outraged by the excesses of the railroad companies and the [...]
1877: The Grand Army of Starvation Vocabulary (for chapters on "The Centennial Exposition" and "The Railroad")
This is a vocabulary list for chapters on "The Centennial Exposition" and "The Railroad" in the 1877: The Grand Army of Starvation documentary.
Background Essay on San Francisco's Chinatown (short version, with text supports)
This essay describes the origins of San Francisco's Chinatown, as well as some of its major economic, political, and social features. The essay also describes the challenges San Francisco's Chinese community faced from the city's white politicians [...]
Active Viewing: 1877: The Grand Army of Starvation
In this activity, students watch a short clip from the ASHP documentary 1877: The Grand Army of Starvation to learn about the impact of railroad expansion on Americans and the nation as a whole. After watching the clip, students complete the [...]
Chiricahua Apache Prisoners, Including Geronimo
The U.S. Army and the Apache tribe (who called themselves N’ne, meaning “the people”) engaged in armed conflict in the U.S. Southwest from 1851 through 1886. On September 4, 1886, the famed Apache leader Geronimo (or Goyahkla) surrendered to [...]